Elevator noise common problems and solutions
1 Sources and causes of elevator noise Elevator components are numerous and distributed in different locations of the building, including drive host, control cabinet, floor door, car, etc. These components will make certain noises when the elevator is running. Elevator noise is divided into mechanical noise, electrical noise and pneumatic noise according to different generation mechanisms.
1.1 Mechanical noise
Mechanical noise refers to the sound produced by the collision and friction between the mechanical parts of the elevator during operation. Mechanical noise mainly comes from the drive host, door system, guide system, suspension system and compensation system.
1.2 Electrical noise
The main source of electrical noise is the control cabinet. The control system of the elevator is installed in the control cabinet, which contains various electronic devices and electrical components. These electronic control devices will generate electrical noise due to the pulsation of the electromagnetic field and the interaction of the alternating magnetic field force when the elevator is running. The main electronic control devices that generate electrical noise are contactors and frequency converters.
1.3 Pneumatic noise
The operation of the car will cause gas disturbance to generate eddy currents or cause sudden changes in air pressure in the shaft, thereby generating pneumatic noise. This situation is particularly obvious in high-speed elevators (elevators with a rated speed of v≥2m/s). When the car is running in a narrow and closed shaft, it will go through three stages: acceleration at start-up, constant speed at run-in, and deceleration at stop. This will cause strong airflow friction and produce aerodynamic noise. A vortex effect will also occur at the rear of the car, causing pressure fluctuations in the flow field, which will couple with the guide rail excitation and cause car resonance
Solutions
1.Brake
Adjust the clearance between the brake shoe and the brake wheel. If the brake shoe is deformed or damaged, replace the brake; clean, lubricate, inspect and maintain the brake regularly.
2.Traction machine
Regularly add oil and lubricate the drive main engine parts
Check the power supply voltage, install a radiator, and replace aging and damaged parts.
4.Elevator door
Replace damaged door leaves and install blocking devices to prevent the door from hitting when carrying goods;
Adjust the door machine system and clean the track.
5.Compensation chain
Adjust the length of the compensation chain.
6.Guide rail
Check the oil cup, regularly add oil and lubricate the guide rail, and replace damaged guide shoes.